Caesium azide

Caesium azide or cesium azide is an inorganic compound of caesium and azide with the formula CsN
3.

Caesium azide

Coordination sphere of azide in CsN
3
Names
IUPAC name
caesium azide
Other names
cesium azide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.041.072
EC Number
  • 245-196-0
Properties[1]
CsN3
Molar mass 174.926 g/mol
Appearance colorless needles
Density 3.5 g/cm3
Melting point 310 °C (590 °F; 583 K)
224.2 g/100 mL (0 °C)
Structure[2]
tetragonal
I4/mcm, No. 140
a = 6.5412 Å, c = 8.0908 Å
4
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Structure

CsN
3 adopts the same structure as KN
3, RbN
3, and TlN
3, crystallizing in a tetragonal distorted caesium chloride structure where each azide ion coordinates to eight metal cations, and each metal cation coordinates to eight terminal N centers.[2] When heated to 151 °C, it transitions to a cubic structure.[3]

Preparation and reactions

Caesium azide can be prepared from the neutralization reaction between hydrazoic acid and caesium hydroxide:[4]

CsOH + HN
3 → CsN
3 + H
2O

Caesium carbonate can also be used as the base:

Cs
2CO
3 + HN
3 → CsN
3 + CO
2 + H
2O

The thermal decomposition of CsN
3 in vacuo can be used as a method of generating high purity caesium metal:[5]

2CsN
3 → 2Cs + 3N
2

References
  1. Perry, Dale L. (18 May 2011). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 110. ISBN 978-1-4398-1461-1.
  2. Müller, Ulrich (1972). "Verfeinerung der Kristallstrukturen von KN3, RbN3, CsN3 und TIN3". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 1972. 392 (2): 159–166. doi:10.1002/zaac.19723920207.
  3. McIntyre, J.E. (ed.). Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds Volume 3: C46 – Zr. Chapman & Hill. p. 3096. ISBN 0-412-30120-2.
  4. Steudel, R.; Schenk, P. W. (1975). "Stickstoff". In Brauer, Georg (ed.). Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie, 3. Auflage, Band I. p. 458. ISBN 3-432-02328-6.
  5. Blatter, Fritz; Schumacher, Ernst (15 January 1986). "Production of high purity caesium". Journal of the Less Common Metals. 115 (2): 307–313. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(86)90153-0.
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