Desiya language
Desiya, also Desia Odia or Koraputi Odia or Southwestern Odia, is an Indo-Aryan language variety (considered as a dialect of Odia) spoken in Koraput, Nabarangpur, Rayagada, Malkangiri districts and parts of Kalahandi district of Odisha and in the hilly regions of Vishakhapatnam and Vizianagaram districts of Andhra Pradesh.[1] The variant spoken in Koraput is called Koraputia. Desiya serves as lingua franca among other ethnic groups in the area.[2]
| Desiya | |
|---|---|
| Desia Odia | |
| ଦେଶିଆ | |
| Native to | India |
| Region | Odisha (Koraput, Malkangiri, Rayagada, Nabarangpur, Kalahandi) |
| Ethnicity | Odias |
Native speakers | 227,313 (2011 census) |
| Odia | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:dso – Desiyaort – Adivasi Oriya |
| Glottolog | adiv1239 |
Desiya is the major regional tribal-non tribal dialect continuum of the undivided Koraput district of Southwestern Odisha region as per the Linguistic Survey of India published for then Orissa (now Odisha) state in 2002.[3][4][5]
Phonology
Desia variety has 21 consonant phonemes, 2 semivowel phonemes and 6 vowel phonemes.[6]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | |
| Mid | e | o | |
| Low | a | ɔ |
There are no long vowels in Desiya just like Standard Odia.
| Labial | Alveolar /Dental |
Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Stop/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | ʈ | tʃ | k | |
| voiceless aspirated | |||||||
| voiced | b | d | ɖ | dʒ | ɡ | ||
| voiced aspirated | |||||||
| Fricative | s | ɦ | |||||
| Trill/Flap | ɾ | ɽ~ɽʰ | |||||
| Lateral approximant | l | ||||||
| Approximant | w | j | |||||
Desiya shows loss of both voiceless and voiced aspirated consonants as well as retroflex consonants like retroflex unaspirated nasal(voiced retroflex nasal) ɳ (ଣ) and voiced retroflex lateral approximant [ɭ] (ଳ) which are present in Standard Odia.
References
- "Desiya", in Eberhard, David M., Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig, eds. (2020). Ethnologue: Languages of the World. Twenty-third edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
- Gustafsson, Uwe (1978). "Procedural discourse in Kotia Oriya". In Joseph E. Grimes (ed.), Papers on discourse, 283-97. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
- https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-documents/lsi/ling_Orissa.html
- Mahapatra, B.P. (2002). Linguistic Survey of India: Orissa (PDF). Kolkata, India: Language Division, Office of the Registrar General. p. 2. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- Mahapatra, B.P. (2002). Linguistic Survey of India: Orissa (PDF). Kolkata, India: Language Division, Office of the Registrar General. p. 20. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- Mahapatra, B.P. (2002). Linguistic Survey of India: Orissa (PDF). Kolkata, India: Language Division, Office of the Registrar General. p. 94,95. Retrieved 5 August 2020.